【摘要】：在(zai)(zai)(zai)印染加工(gong)過程中(zhong)，織物快(kuai)速(su)通過進(jin)入(ru)工(gong)作液(ye)(ye)，新的(de)固液(ye)(ye)界面(mian)不(bu)斷形成(cheng)使界面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)得(de)以迅速(su)擴(kuo)張(zhang)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種界面(mian)面(mian)積(ji)快(kuai)速(su)擴(kuo)張(zhang)條件下，表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑分子需要從溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)的(de)膠(jiao)束中(zhong)擴(kuo)散到新形成(cheng)的(de)界面(mian)上將會(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)重新排列，才能(neng)(neng)發揮表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑的(de)作用形成(cheng)新的(de)界面(mian)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)種情況下，常規的(de)靜態(tai)平衡(heng)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)張(zhang)力的(de)測定(ding)值(zhi)并不(bu)能(neng)(neng)準確反(fan)映(ying)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑此(ci)時的(de)沒有實(shi)際(ji)意(yi)義動態(tai)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)目前紡織染整加工(gong)中(zhong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)劑選擇及(ji)使用性(xing)能(neng)(neng)分析中(zhong)的(de)一個(ge)盲點，也是(shi)(shi)新型染整用劑研發和技(ji)術進(jin)一步得(de)以提升的(de)一個(ge)應有的(de)關注點。本(ben)課題在(zai)(zai)(zai)此(ci)基(ji)礎上主(zhu)要對動態(tai)表(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)張(zhang)力及(ji)其相關影響(xiang)因素(su)進(jin)行探(tan)究。

論文首先研究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)非離子和(he)離子型表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)動(dong)態吸附(fu)過程中表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張力的(de)變(bian)化(hua)，討論了(le)(le)吸附(fu)初始階(jie)段和(he)最終(zhong)階(jie)段兩種(zhong)極限情況。實驗測(ce)定(ding)了(le)(le)20℃下(xia)多種(zhong)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)如JFC、AEO-9等溶液(ye)的(de)動(dong)態表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張力，并(bing)結(jie)合理(li)論推(tui)導，考(kao)察了(le)(le)其在氣液(ye)界面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)吸附(fu)過程。此后(hou)(hou)探究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)動(dong)態表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張力的(de)相關(guan)影(ying)響因素，重點研究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)電解質、表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)相對分子量(liang)及表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)結(jie)構、表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)濃(nong)度(du)和(he)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)種(zhong)類(lei)對動(dong)態表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)張力的(de)影(ying)響。之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)在動(dong)態吸附(fu)過程下(xia)，探究(jiu)(jiu)臨界膠束濃(nong)度(du)的(de)改變(bian)，并(bing)得出不(bu)同表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)動(dong)態臨界膠束濃(nong)度(du)，對實際生產過程中表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)用(yong)量(liang)具有重要指導意義(yi)。文章繼(ji)續研究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)(le)動(dong)態吸附(fu)過程與表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)滲透性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)間的(de)關(guan)系，并(bing)通過測(ce)試表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)在帆布上接觸角的(de)動(dong)態變(bian)化(hua)綜合考(kao)察了(le)(le)在潤(run)濕過程中，表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)溶液(ye)對織物的(de)滲透性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)好壞(huai)。

鑒此，本文進一步將上述方(fang)法研究的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)透性(xing)應用于油(you)墨(mo)當中。影響(xiang)油(you)墨(mo)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)因素很多，但油(you)墨(mo)表(biao)面張力對(dui)印(yin)(yin)刷(shua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果(guo)及(ji)印(yin)(yin)刷(shua)質(zhi)量起著(zhu)舉足輕重的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。本文主要探討油(you)墨(mo)表(biao)面張力在(zai)印(yin)(yin)刷(shua)自滲(shen)透過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，得出研究油(you)墨(mo)滲(shen)透性(xing)好(hao)壞(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鑒定方(fang)法，著(zhu)重討論動態(tai)表(biao)面張力對(dui)噴墨(mo)打印(yin)(yin)過程(cheng)中顏(yan)色鮮艷度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提升作用，希望(wang)這一發現對(dui)該類墨(mo)水的(de)(de)(de)(de)研發工作有參考作用。